Stage lines began to replace saddle trains in 1864 as
soon as wagon roads were built. Stagecoaches were pulled by teams
of four or six horses. They carried passengers, mail and
"fast" freight. Much of the gold and silver from the
mines was shipped out by stagecoach. In fact, the stagecoach was
to be far more important west of the Mississippi River than east of it,
because in the West there were fewer navigable rivers and canals to
compete with land transport. Stagecoaches were the most important
means of travel in the west until the railroads were built.
Riding a stage was not always fun. The stage was noisy and
bumpy, and the passengers were jammed together inside. It was an
uncomfortable ride, and the rest stops were few and very poor.
Stage stations were almost always dirty and smelly, and often the food
was bad. Passengers suffered from dust and heat in the summer, mud
in the spring and fall and snow and cold in the winter. There were
always mosquitoes and rattlesnakes in warm weather. Sometimes
stagecoaches were held up by bandits who robbed the passengers and stole
the mail and gold if any was aboard.
Stagecoach beginnings usually followed established trails in an
effort to connect frontier settlements, or often forts, with established
communities. A mail contract was indeispensable to such an
operation, but there were also givernment express and passengers to be
hauled. The key to the success of theses alone man-one horse
operations was a contract to carry the U.S. Mail.
Stagecoach Etiquette
Thanks to an old newspaper clipping, we know how
we should have behaved if we’d taken a stagecoach in the old west.
First, we were advised that the best seat inside
the coach was behind the driver, riding backwards. Yes, some people got
motion sickness, but if it didn’t bother you, this was the spot with
“half the bumps and jars” of any other seat. Riders were admonished
that if another passenger offered to trade seats, “don’t do it.”
“Bathe your feet before starting in cold weather, and wear loose
overshoes and gloves two or three sizes too large,” the paper advised.
It also offered these valuable hints:
“In very cold weather, abstain entirely from liquor while on the road; a
man will freeze twice as quick while under its influence.”
“Don’t smoke a strong pipe inside, especially early in the morning;
spit on the leeward side of the coach.”
“Be sure and take two heavy blankets with you; you will need them.”
“Don’t swear; do not lop over on your neighbor when sleeping. Don’t
ask how far it is to the next station until you get there.”
“Never attempt to fire a gun or pistol while on the road; it may
frighten the team and the careless handling and cocking of the weapon
makes nervous people nervous.”
“Don’t discuss politics or religion nor point out places on the road
where horrible murders have been committed if delicate women are among the
passengers.”
"Don’t grease your hair before starting or dust will stick there in
sufficient quantities to make a respectable ‘tater’ patch.”
“When the driver asks you to get out and walk, do it without
grumbling.”
“If a team runs away, sit still and take your chances; if you jump, nine
times out of ten you will be hurt.”
“Don’t imagine for a moment you are going on a picnic; expect
annoyance, discomfort and some hardships. If you are disappointed, thank
heaven.”
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